Part of the Los Caprichos series, there are many of these plates produced in an album that Goya produced at this time most were withdrawn as too inflamatory at the time though some were owned by Charles IV. The paintings themselves were Goyas condemnation of Spanish society and the way the people lived at that time. And indeed he withdrew all of the plates during the inquisition.
the Chinchillas is a plate reperesenting the nobles of Spanish society, Goya commented on these nobles as those "who hear nothing, know nothing, and doing nothing belong to the numerous family of the Chinchillas, which has always been good for nothing." Goya depicts the nobles as madmen locked in their own importance and pride and like madmen being clearly unfit to do anything useful for the nation.